In today’s rapidly evolving healthcare landscape, technology plays a critical role in improving patient outcomes, streamlining operations, and enhancing the overall quality of care. One of the most significant advancements in digital health is the implementation of Bluetooth wireless connectivity solutions that enable real-time patient monitoring. Cassia Networks has emerged as a leader in this…

In today’s fast-paced industrial environments, maintaining operational efficiency requires reliable, real-time monitoring solutions. When managing multiple machines across a facility, connectivity and data accuracy become critical for predictive maintenance and operational continuity. The Cassia Networks X2000 Bluetooth® gateway stands at the forefront of wireless industrial monitoring, offering unparalleled connectivity, extended range, and seamless integration for…

In the world of industrial operations, unplanned equipment failures can lead to costly downtime, compromised safety, and decreased productivity. As industries strive for more efficient and reliable operations, predictive maintenance has become a critical strategy. One innovative solution making waves in this field is the integration of Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) gateways with advanced maintenance…

Introduction Cattle farming in the United States is a vast and evolving industry, with 87.2 million head of cattle and calves recorded as of January 2024, according to the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA). With sustainability becoming a priority, modern technologies such as precision ranching and smart-sensor-based monitoring are gaining traction. Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE)…

The Cassia Networks X2000 and ATX2000 Gateways: A Preferred Solution for Industrial IoT Implementing a robust wireless corrosion monitoring system requires reliable connectivity to transmit data seamlessly from sensors to cloud-based platforms or local systems. This is where the Cassia Networks X2000 and ATX2000 Bluetooth gateways excel. Designed with industrial IoT in mind, these gateways…

The Internet of Things (IoT) has revolutionized how devices interact, creating seamless connections that bring immense convenience to industries and individuals alike. Among these technologies, Bluetooth stands out as a versatile short-range wireless communication solution with wide-ranging applications. In cold storage management, Bluetooth IoT systems work discreetly to deliver remarkable benefits, such as reducing product…

Industrial IoT (IIoT) enterprises operating in hazardous environments, such as oil and gas facilities, shipyards, and mining operations, face unique connectivity challenges. These large-scale deployments must overcome the inherent risks and strict certification requirements of hazardous areas while maintaining cost-efficiency and reliable performance. Deploying wireless networks in these complex environments is no small task. Businesses…

In today’s fast-paced industrial landscape, operational efficiency, reliability, and real-time monitoring are non-negotiable. Industries ranging from manufacturing to logistics are seeking solutions that can meet these demands while integrating seamlessly into existing infrastructure. Explore the X2000 Gateway from Cassia Networks—an advanced Bluetooth gateway designed to redefine industrial IoT applications.   The Industrial IoT Landscape: Challenges…

In today’s rapidly evolving industrial landscape, the health of machines is as vital as the productivity they deliver. Efficient, uninterrupted operation of machinery ensures optimized workflows, reduced downtime, and significant cost savings. For industrial settings, robust predictive maintenance programs backed by continuous monitoring are becoming a necessity, not a luxury. At the heart of effective…

As the demand for smart building solutions grows, large and multi-use spaces—such as hotels, schools, and office complexes—require more robust and sophisticated wireless networks to support diverse functionalities. Cassia Networks, known for its innovative Bluetooth gateways, offers a scalable, efficient, and reliable solution to meet the specific needs of complex spaces. Let’s dive into how…

In today’s fast-paced industrial landscape, keeping machinery running smoothly is paramount to maintaining supply chain reliability. Traditional approaches to maintenance often involve preventative checks at regular intervals. While effective to some degree, this method leaves room for sudden, unexpected equipment failures that can disrupt operations. However, with advancements in wireless sensor technology and artificial intelligence…

In recent years, Cassia Networks has played a pivotal role in driving technological advancements in the digital health industry through their innovative Bluetooth gateways. Their success with the M1000 gateway in hospital deployments showcased the power of long-range, real-time health monitoring. Building on this success, Cassia Networks has taken a major step forward by launching…

A Vision for the Future of Digital Health In today’s digital healthcare landscape, patient mobility plays a critical role in enhancing care and quality of life, especially for individuals requiring continuous vital sign monitoring. As healthcare providers increasingly turn to wearable medical devices for real-time health data, maintaining seamless connectivity across various environments is crucial.…

Ensuring worker safety in industrial enterprise environments like factories and construction sites is a critical concern for employers and safety managers. These environments present unique challenges, including exposure to extreme temperatures, heavy machinery, and the constant movement of equipment and personnel. Cassia Networks’ X2000 and ATX2000 Bluetooth gateways, in conjunction with smart wearable technology, provide…

In the evolving landscape of telehealth, the focus is increasingly on improving the accuracy and efficiency of remote health monitoring. Traditional telehealth solutions often rely on smartphone applications to collect vital data such as blood pressure, glucose levels, and heart rate. While convenient, this approach is not without challenges. Manual data entry can be prone…

Bearings are vital components in industrial settings, playing a crucial role in the smooth operation and overall productivity of machinery. Regular maintenance of these bearings, particularly those involving correct lubrication processes is essential to ensure uninterrupted production. However, despite the critical nature of this task, a staggering 70% of bearings in the United States are…

In today’s industrial landscape, efficiency and uptime are critical for success, especially in waste management. Cassia Networks’ advanced Bluetooth technology has proven to be a game-changer in minimizing machine downtime and improving overall operational efficiency in waste management facilities. By integrating Cassia’s X2000 Bluetooth Gateways and IoT Access Controller (AC) with smart sensors, waste management…

In the digital era, efficient asset management is crucial for maintaining competitive advantage across various industries. Cassia Networks gateways are at the forefront of this transformation, offering robust Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) capabilities that enhance asset tracking and management. Industry Applications: Construction: In construction, precise tracking of tools and machinery enhances operational efficiency and security.…

The Internet of Things (IoT) continues to weave an intricate web of connectivity across the globe, with the number of smart devices set to possibly exceed 40 billion by the end of 2027. This explosion of interconnected gadgets not only fuels technological innovation but also introduces complex challenges, particularly in managing and connecting these devices…

In the rapidly evolving landscape of industrial operations, the shift toward digital monitoring systems has highlighted significant challenges in scalability and the efficiency of traditional wired and Bluetooth connections. These limitations, primarily in the form of short-range, one-to-one connections, have prompted a search for more robust solutions capable of supporting the expansive needs of modern…

In the evolving landscape of industrial maintenance, the shift towards predictive and condition-based maintenance represents a significant leap forward. This paradigm, empowered by the advanced capabilities of Cassia Networks’ Bluetooth gateways and Access Controller, is reshaping how businesses approach the upkeep of their machinery and equipment. Through the strategic collection of data and its sophisticated…

Companies across industries are increasingly mindful of energy efficient solutions, therefore frequent energy audits are becoming an industry standard. Some of the most expensive utilities that require monitoring are compressed air and gases such as nitrogen and argon (Gorelick and Bandes 2011; Patil and Rickert 2020). The cost per unidentified air leak may vary between…

Recent events of fires during ocean shipping have started fierce discussions over whether the maritime industry has kept up with the risks of lithium ion technology as the lithium ion batteries “burn with twice the energy of a normal fire” (Reuters 2023). The biggest hazard in lithium batteries is “thermal runaway”, meaning that these batteries…

The healthcare industry has been transformed by indoor asset tracking. Not only is indoor tracking technology important for locating equipment and supplies, but is also  critical in locating people and accurately accessing medical data (Fahim et al. 2020). Real-time locationing is becoming increasingly important for the global healthcare asset management market estimated to grow to…

Ultrasound is becoming an increasingly important technology for condition monitoring. According to MaintWorld, it could be considered as “first line of defense” against bearing failures. There are multiple reasons for bearing failures, mainly having to do with lubrication. Lack of proper lubrication starts causing friction levels to rise. Friction creates ultrasound emissions, however, instead of…

The potential of IoT in the Health Sector, H-IoT, is huge. According to Rajeb et al. (2023) the IoT applications are versatile with significant opportunities in both healthcare facilities as well in patients’ own homes. The deployment of IoT in remote health monitoring is beneficial to the patients as it allows for early detection, and…

In today’s digital world, organizations rely on data to make the right decisions to protect the scarce resources, improve the operational effectiveness, and introduce environmentally sustainable practices (Riaz 2022; Shamsuzzaman 2021). According to Chasin and colleagues “focusing on automation and optimization of existing processes is no longer sufficient to serve lucrative business areas in the…

Cassia’s X2000 BLE Gateway paired with the IoT Access Controller has been labeled by systems integrators as the most user-friendly online condition monitoring system on the market today. Systems integrators look for these features when selecting a condition monitoring system: Easy to install and simple to use Flexible and scalable Improved workers’ safety Suitable for…

  The machining processes have become a common standard in any manufacturing industry and therefore, machine-tool maintenance is vital to ensuring the sustainability of both machine tools and manufacturing processes. It is commonly known that machining operation must be maintained for a long time in every period to achieve high productivity and prevent sudden failure…

There are things we typically take for granted like availability and functionality of communal bathrooms, whether those are situated in workplace, airplanes, dorms, or malls (Callahan 2022). However, this important task does not only include public health concerns, but also staff retention. According to Bowman (2015), turnover is a serious problem in custodial services “with…

Body temperature is an important vital sign that could signal critical changes in the body. Fever, or an increase in the body’s temperature, can happen due to a “physiological process brought about by infectious causes or non-infections causes such as inflammation, malignancy, or autoimmune processes” (Swetha et al., 2022). Closely observing this vital sign is…

Food safety is often taken for granted. We typically assume that the food we conveniently purchase at supermarkets is safe to consume. However, according to a recent study conducted by the United Nations, “14 percent of all food produced for human consumption is lost before it even reaches consumer” (United Nations 2023). Therefore, more effort…

Changes in industrial manufacturing, the introduction of Industry 4.0 technologies and a heightened awareness that growth is only possible if it is sustainable (Ullo and Sinha 2020), have had a direct impact on supply and cold chain management. With these changes, the traditional role of a warehouse as a location where inventory was stored in…

Cold-chain management monitoring with Bluetooth gateways and sensors has revolutionized the way industries handle the transportation and storage of temperature-sensitive products. This technology offers real-time visibility and control over the entire cold-chain process, ensuring that products remain within specified temperature ranges and reducing the risk of spoilage, degradation, or contamination. Here’s how the combination of…

The case of Mr. Ma, a busy executive of a technology company who cares for an elderly father, is an example of technology and healthcare working together to improve patient care. Mr. Ma recently accompanied his father to the hospital for a regular checkup. Upon doctor’s recommendation, Mr. Ma’s aging father was sent back home…

Effective supply chain operations play a crucial role in the success and sustainability of businesses across various industries. It is essential for organizations to achieve cost efficiency, customer satisfaction, competitive advantage, risk mitigation, collaboration, innovation, and sustainability. By optimizing their supply chains, businesses can improve overall performance, maximize profitability, and position themselves for long-term success…

There is a growing demand from the public for more livable, sustainable, and technologically advanced cities and buildings. Governments and private sector organizations are responding to this demand by investing in smart city and smart building projects. Smart cities and smart buildings offer a range of benefits that make them an attractive solution to the…

The tracking of heavy equipment is crucial for many reasons, including increased efficiency, improved safety, and reduced costs. By using advanced tracking technologies such as the one offered by Cassia Networks, companies can gain real-time insights into their heavy machinery’s location, usage, and performance, which can help identify potential issues before they become major problems.…

Cassia Networks X2000 Bluetooth Gateway recently underwent a field test designed to compare its internal omnidirectional antennas with external antennas using external antenna cables. The client was looking for a Bluetooth gateway that could pick up signals from sensors deep within an aggregate mine tunnel. The results of the field test proved that the X2000…

Cassia is always working on creating innovative features to our Access Controller (AC) to provide our end-users flexibility and ease of use. This blog post will focus on secured profile backup and recovery available on Cassia’s AC server console. The backup and recovery feature is designed to allow an AC console administrator to export AC…

The Internet of Things (IoT) has seen incredible growth in a very short period. Smart devices are still ubiquitous in both business and consumer sectors, and this growth shows no signs of stopping. Below are the 6 significant trends that are shaping the IoT: 1. The Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) continues to grow The…

Welcome to the last part of our mini blog series on how to set up different secure communication methods for Cassia’s Bluetooth Gateways and IoT Access Controller (AC). The third blog in our mini-series will focus on MQTT data bypass. Currently, all Cassia gateways support MQTT bypass. This feature is designed to direct all MQTT…

In a previous blog post, we described the process of connecting Cassia’s gateways to a cellular network using the Soracom USB Onyx dongle. In this post, we’ll focus on how end-users can stream the data coming from Cassia’s gateways into the Soracom network and onto the AWS IoT services. Unlocking the Potential Cassia’s Gateway The…

Welcome to Part 2 of our mini blog series on how to set up different secure communication methods for Cassia’s Bluetooth Gateways and IoT Access Controller (AC). The second blog in our mini-series will focus on secured MQTT for gateway to AC communication. Currently, all Cassia gateways support and only use secured MQTT which runs…

There are several wireless technologies to choose from, each with their advantages and disadvantages for condition monitoring applications in IIoT. There is no one size fits all wireless connectivity solution. Every use case has different needs and specifications required to achieve the desired results. In this blog, we’ll briefly describe some of the key attributes…

Welcome to Part 1 of our mini-blog series where we will be focusing on how to set up different secure communication methods. The first blog in the mini-series will focus on HTTPS for a more secure web access. Currently, all Cassia Bluetooth Low Energy gateways and AC have the option to configure HTTPS. End-users now…

According to the CDC, an estimated 37.3 million people in the United States suffer from diabetes. Roughly 28.7 million people have been diagnosed with diabetes and 8.5 million people are undiagnosed. Currently, there are four types of diabetes: Type 1, Type 2, Prediabetes and Gestational. Regardless of which type of diabetes a person has or…

At Cassia Networks, we are committed to the security of our customers and their data. We are continuously focused on keeping your valuable data safe and protected at all times.  Our team periodically undergoes security testing on our AC to ensure our customer’s data is encrypted and safeguarded. In an ongoing effort to implement new…

Factory automation is an integrated industrial process that uses various technologies to automate tasks, processes and production designed to maximize output and efficiency while reducing overall costs. By definition, factory automation involves how products are manufactured, assembled, packaged, machined, etc. Also involved in the process is the use of control systems that utilize computer software…

Cassia offers a high speed multiple connection mode and a BLE throughput monitor tool designed to facilitate integration as well as help end-users with local troubleshooting. Currently, this feature is available on Cassia’s E1000, S2000, X2000 and ATX2000 Bluetooth gateways. Please note, that this tool is suited for local troubleshooting only. Cassia’s high speed multiple…

The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic is wreaking havoc on global supply chains across many industries. The disruption is causing a domino-like effect from international cargo shipments down to the individual store. Today’s industries are looking for cost-effective ways to minimize business disruption and create a more efficient and seamless supply chain process. Let’s explore how Bluetooth…

We would like to inform all of our customers that Cassia will begin pre-installing v2.0.1 container for Cassia’s gateways (X1000, E1000, X2000, and ATX2000) to be shipped in Q2 2022 onwards. We highly recommend that customers who plan on using v2.0.1 container to verify their APP together with v2.0.1 container before rolling out. The Ubuntu…

Network troubleshooting tools are a necessity for every network administrator. To help troubleshoot some common network issues, Cassia Networks now offers network debugging tools located in the local gateway webpage for smarter network troubleshooting. Currently, all Cassia BLE gateways support this feature. The gateway network debugging tools are designed to help the end-user troubleshoot common…

Just a few years ago, an estimated 10% of enterprise data was processed at the edge, outside of cloud-based data centers. By 2025, this number will jump to 75%. A recent report from IDC predicts that “every connected person in the world will have at least one digital data interaction every 18 seconds-likely from one…

Bluetooth technology continues to impact our lives every day. The popularity of wearables devices such as fitness bands, smartwatches, and even smart clothing has dominated the wearable technology market for years. According to a recent report, the global wearable technology market size was valued at approximately $40.65 billion in 2020 and is expected to grow…

Recently, a vulnerability in Log4j, a Java library for logging error messages in applications, has been discovered. The library is developed by the open-source Apache Software Foundation and is a key Java-logging framework. Log4j is used in enterprise software applications, including those custom applications developed in-house, and also forms part of many cloud-computing services. If…

According to the Bluetooth SIG, Bluetooth Direction Finding will accelerate indoor positioning thanks to new features that support higher accuracy. Statistics show that nearly 70% of all Bluetooth Location Services implementations will include indoor navigation by 2025. That’s two times the growth from previous years! In our previous blog post, we covered the basics of…

Recently, Bluetooth SIG China held their annual online seminar which brought together industry leaders from around the world to share their knowledge and expertise on Bluetooth technology as well as present the new trends, opportunities and potential growth areas for Bluetooth solutions. Among this year’s speakers was Cassia Networks’ CEO Felix Zhao, who presented the…

Cassia Networks now offers end-users the ability to add a cellular modem profile to Cassia’s Bluetooth gateways. Currently, all gateways are eligible to add this particular profile. We do, however, recommend that the end-user confirms with Cassia’s support team to verify if a cellular modem is compatible. To date, cellular modems will need to use…

The market for Bluetooth location services has significantly grown over the last few years. According to ABI Research, nearly 400 million Bluetooth Location Services devices are forecasted to ship per year by 2022. Bluetooth location services have been developed using the same concept: they leverage Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) radio to determine if two Bluetooth…

Cassia Networks has partnered with Soracom to provide an integrated solution that allows an easy and efficient way of connecting Cassia’s Bluetooth Low Energy gateways to a cellular network. Cassia’s Bluetooth gateways can be used as a protocol gateway which translates between the Bluetooth protocol and Internet Protocol (IP). This allows the end-user to remotely…

In its simplest form, signal strength is the wireless signal power level received by the wireless client. Strong signal strengths can result in more reliable connections and higher speeds. It is represented in -dBm format (0 to -100). The closer the value is to 0, the stronger the signal. Currently, all Cassia Bluetooth gateways support…

As the Internet of Things (IoT) expands, today’s enterprises find themselves faced with the challenge of integrating multiple wireless devices and protocols, many with different power and connectivity requirements. There are several challenges that today’s enterprises are faced with to effectively deploy a successful IoT application. Among these are cost, interoperability, and security to name a few. This…

Cassia Networks is excited to announce version 2.0.1 of the gateway container! Currently, Cassia’s X1000, E1000, X2000 and ATX2000 gateways support this new version. Compared to Cassia’s previous v1.1.1 container, the v2.0.1 container is intended for gateway firmware versions v2.1.1 and up. The latest version is designed with more additional capabilities and resources than the…

October marks Cybersecurity Awareness month. For 18 years, the Cybersecurity & Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) has made October a month to educate and promote safe online behaviors and practices for both consumers and businesses. CISA has also created the Stop. Think. Connect™ campaign to raise public awareness about cybersecurity and how consumers and businesses can…

Cassia’s IoT Access Controller (AC) comes equipped with a simple, yet powerful feature to provide end-users with a single console view for multiple AC servers. This feature is uniquely designed to allow a Cassia AC server administrator to manage multiple AC servers for different end customers and/or different projects. The multiple AC viewer provides a…

Cassia’s IoT Access Controller (AC) has a unique feature that provides end-users the ability to perform batch configuration changes for multiple Cassia gateways. Currently, all Cassia Bluetooth gateway models (X1000, E1000, S2000, X2000, and ATX2000) support this feature. End-users are able to perform batch configuration changes, firmware upgrades, network setting changes, container OS updates and…

Many new asset tracking technologies have emerged over the years. Among these are BLE beacons and tags, RFID, and barcodes to name a few. Each of these technologies has its advantages and disadvantages depending on the use case. In this blog, we’ll give a quick overview of some of these asset tracking technologies, the advantages…

The Bluetooth Debug Tool featured on Cassia’s IoT Access Controller (AC) is designed to simplify development work by providing device scan, connect, pair, as well as notification/indication tools to help users understand how BLE devices interact with the Cassia Bluetooth Gateway. Currently, all Cassia Bluetooth Gateway models support the debug tool. The tool utilizes the…

From fitness wearables to medical sensors as well as Bluetooth tags and beacons for locationing, Bluetooth technology has connected billions of these everyday devices for consumer and enterprise use. According to Bluetooth SIG’s 2021 market report, new forecasts are predicting that Bluetooth technology is the number one wireless technology of choice for the Internet of…

Certain industries such as healthcare, education and manufacturing often use Bluetooth Low Energy beacons and/or Wi-Fi devices for personnel and asset tracking applications depending on the use case. Oftentimes, these environments are equipped with thousands of  beacons and/or tags that are deployed in the same location and/or in close proximity. However, the sheer number of…

Today’s Industrial IoT enterprises operating in hazardous environments not only need to safeguard their equipment, but they also need to protect their workers. A slight spark in an oil & gas field or chemical plant could trigger a fire or explosion resulting in damaged equipment and the environment or even worse, loss of life. As…

In certain environments, Wi-Fi connections can be unstable as a result of distance, traffic, and/or interference. To maximize Cassia’s gateway uptime and availability to the IoT Access Controller (AC), Cassia offers primary and secondary Wi-Fi connection SSID profile configuration settings. This allows the end-user to set up two Wi-Fi SSID profiles in a separate frequency…

The farming and agricultural industry has come a long way over the years. Many of its innovations rely heavily on technological advancements to help increase crop yields and improve farm operations. For example, tractors first emerged in the early 19th century and by 1966, John Deere became the first manufacturer to offer farmers a tractor…

Cassia Networks has developed a powerful network management tool, the IoT Access Controller to provide end-users and easy way to setup and manage thousands of gateways from a single dashboard. Furthermore, end-users have the ability to monitor thousands of Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) end devices in an enterprise IoT environment from use easy to use…

Most of us are familiar with wireless roaming and how it works, but let’s cover some of the basics. Roaming occurs when a wireless client device moves outside of a range of one wireless access point (AP) and connects to another AP with a stronger signal. As long as the AP’s are correctly setup and…

What is a TPM and what does it do? TPM was originally created by a consortium called the Trusted Computing Group (TCG) in 2003 to enable trusted computing features in computers, mobile devices as well as network equipment. A TPM, or Trusted Platform Module, is a computer chip that can securely store artifacts used to…

Bluetooth is used in almost all major consumer products including phones, tablets, laptops, headphones, speakers, TVs, and fitness wearables just to name a few. However, despite its widespread use, there are still some myths and misconceptions that still persist about Bluetooth technology. Let’s explore some of these myths and the true facts about Bluetooth. Myth…

Over the last several years, wireless technologies have made significant progress, and now they are now being integrated into many medical IoT applications. Bluetooth technology in particular is now seeing increased use in a variety of medical applications, especially for in-home use as well as in-facility. The choice of wireless technology depends on several key…

What is end-to-end encryption and why is it important? In simplest terms, end-to-end encryption is a secure line of communication that blocks third-party users from accessing transferred data. When the data is being transferred online, only the sender and recipient can decrypt it with a key. It’s important because end-to-end encryption helps to mitigate risks…

Dear Valued Partners and Customers, I would like to take a moment to thank all of you for your continued great support over the past twelve months. This year has undoubtedly been a very challenging year for all of us due to the ongoing pandemic, and we hope this message finds you all safe and…

After nine long months of battling the ongoing pandemic and months of preparation for the COVID-19 vaccine, there is finally light at the end of the tunnel. On December 11, 2020, the FDA issued the first emergency use authorization of Pfizer-BioNTech’s COVID-19 vaccine to be distributed in the U.S.  An estimated 3 million vaccine doses…

With billions of Bluetooth enabled devices being shipped every year, today’s enterprises need to protect sensitive data and mitigate ongoing security threats. While Bluetooth Low Energy brings a lot of potential for the IoT, as many other wireless technologies, it’s not immune from security threats such as device tracking, eavesdropping, and man in the middle…

Harnessing the power of IoT, these sensors can offer reliable remote monitoring platforms to patients and providers at a lower cost while still allowing control, compliance, and ease of use. Author: Alex Tate Digital technology is radically revolutionizing the healthcare landscape. With modern and easy-to-use technologies, such as IoT sensors, patients are empowered to monitor…

When we hear the term digital health, a few things come to mind. We think of wearables, sensors, health apps, artificial intelligence and everything in between. But in reality, it’s much more. Digital health is about applying transformation using innovative technologies to deliver healthcare services, improve efficiency and provide a better quality of care for…

Manufacturers are always looking for new ways to improve their bottom line and extend the life of their critical assets. Today’s technologies built on the industrial internet of things (IIoT) now make it easy for manufacturers and service industries to improve operational efficiencies, reduce equipment downtime, ensure the safety of all factories and reduce overall…